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- <text id=93TT0243>
- <link 93TO0113>
- <title>
- July 26, 1993: After The Deluge:Health Hazards
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- July 26, 1993 The Flood Of '93
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- COVER, Page 32
- DISASTERS
- After The Deluge: Health Hazards
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> If hurricanes are Mother Nature's barroom brawlers, swiftly
- finishing their business and heading for the door, floods tend
- to behave more like unwanted houseguests: they park themselves
- in the living room, tear up the furniture, and generally make
- a nuisance of themselves for weeks or months before finally
- having the decency to pack up and hit the road. That's not good
- news for residents of the Mississippi River Valley, who long
- after floodwaters have crested will play host to a chocolate-colored
- inland sea sprawling across the spine of the Midwest--a stagnant,
- festering stew of industrial waste, agricultural pesticides
- and raw sewage that laminates buildings in goo and provides
- a superb growing environment for bacteria. The entire floodplain,
- says Anita Walker in Des Moines, Iowa, will be a "muddy, stinky,
- awful mess to clean up."
- </p>
- <p> As the Great Flood of '93 recedes, it is likely to leave in
- its wake a rash of health problems ranging from disease to chemical
- pollution. A variety of infections related to sanitation and
- hygiene, all spread by floodwater, are already giving health
- officials headaches. Thanks to at least 18 breached sewage plants,
- microbes have penetrated the nearly 800 miles of piping that
- keeps the Des Moines area's 250,000 residents supplied with
- drinking water; it will take a month to disinfect the system.
- Tetanus is another concern, especially for sandbaggers and rescuers
- slogging through the slimy silt and sewage-invested waters.
- And then there is encephalitis, a viral disease that inflames
- the spinal cord and brain and can produce a combination of low-grade
- fever, seizures and even coma. It is transmitted by mosquitoes,
- whose numbers are expected to explode along the saturated bottomlands
- in the coming weeks.
- </p>
- <p> So far, there have been no major outbreaks of illness. Health
- officials say such traditional scourges as cholera and typhoid
- are unlikely to pose a significant threat, and authorities insist
- that clean water and uncontaminated food--which so far have
- been available in most areas--will ensure that a full-scale
- epidemic doesn't take place. "There's a misperception that every
- time there is a disaster, people are at risk," says Mitchell
- Cohen of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "The
- key elements are providing safe water and safe food. Health
- authorities know this controls any infectious-disease problem."
- </p>
- <p> Less predictable, however, are the effects of the farm pesticides
- and industrial chemicals churning in the silt-encrusted swamps
- and ponds marooned by subsiding rivers. While hydrologists anticipate
- that the sheer volof water will dilute and neutralize any toxicity,
- no one knows what dangers, if any, are posed by toxic runoff
- from hundreds of submerged factories, fuel-storage facilities
- and waste dumps. "Think of all this stuff making a witches'
- brew of new compounds," says Kevin Coyle, president of American
- Rivers, an environmental group in Washington. "We have no precedent."
- </p>
- <p> There is, however, plenty of precedent for the nightmare that
- awaits residents when the waters finally recede. Denizens of
- the river valley who have endured previous temper tantrums of
- the Mississippi are all too well acquainted with the thick,
- claylike layers of earth that will coat the inside of houses,
- barns and machinery, delaying repairs and driving up the cost
- of recovery. Farmers have an appropriate term for the stuff:
- they call it gumbo.
- </p>
- <p>-- By Kevin Fedarko. Reported by Marc Hequet/St. Paul and David
- Seideman/New York
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-